On August 26, 1901, Saginaw's big wood, Wellington R. Bart, celebrated his 70th birthday rather than using some of the timber in the awakening beet sugar industry.
Wherever a realtor's ally is, "place, place, place". However, in the business world, in general it should be "timing, timing, timing". Wellington Bart's interest in sugar was poor.
He was rapidly progressing, but now he has made money by paying attention to banks, like those who are fully satisfied with the times when the forest industry is thriving. At first, like other people, he dedicated himself to politics for many years. He was thinking of the seat of the parliament after the term of the Secretary of State (1893-1894), but he was unlucky to be a Democratic lawmaker in 1900. Balt was ranked as one of America's wealthiest men, after advocating a new investment idea, he took the sugar industry. Looking to Owosso, Michigan, it was a village located about 30 miles southwest of Saginaw, and a few houses from the wood industry remained in a mansion built along Washington Avenue. Many features of Owsoso were the influence of sugarbeet engineer Joseph Kohn in Bay City, Michigan. Kohn oversees the Michigan Chemical Company. The Michigan Chemical Company was established to purchase and process molasses produced by the increased number of sugar cane factories in the city. His success at Michigan Chemical, when talking about investing in a beet sugar factory,
For Kohn, it is simple, as the number of sugar beet factories increases, the possibility that Michigan Chemical's alcohol will be distilled is increased, and the enthusiasm for the construction of another factory was evoked. Michigan Chemical and its parent company Pittsburgh Plate Glass thought to build a building at its own factory but did not need to reach out to his pocket over time with another millionaire. Mr. Wellington R. Bert stood behind a curtain of international events, invited not to participate in a venture with Michigan Chemical Co.,
The United States agreed to conclude the Spanish-American war in order to reduce the import duty on 75% of the Philippine sugar and completely exempt imports of sugar from Puerto Rico. The Philippines has the added benefit of shipping up to 300,000 tons of obligation and Congress dithered in the proposed legislation to approve the reciprocal treaty with Cuba if the Congress agreed. This agreement will give the country 20% tariff incentives.
The national newspaper weakened the spirit of those who showed much excitement about Bart's proposal factory and considered the space to carry out the plan. He promised $ 200,000 for his personal property and claimed that others had already purchased 50,000 dollars of stock, but finding some people to join him at Owosso's venture I made it. He persuaded farmers to produce 30 million acres of sugar, signed an agreement with experienced Fuehrman and Hapke, and because investors did not pay about $ 600,000 in investment,
The Michigan Chemical Company was waiting in the wings, but no additional investors were realized. In other areas, the excitement of the dextrose plant slowed down sharply. In Michigan there were eight places built in the United States between 1900 and 1902. When Bart turned to Michigan Alma, he combined his money and talent with Saginaw's another industrialist, Eimelight, and gained more success.
Owosso, like any town in Michigan in 1902, is probably a good candidate for a beat factory. In addition to excellent agricultural areas, we had railway lines, established industries, managerial classes, trained workers. Bert stepped aside and allowed the project to die and die. Fuehrman and Hapke next year built the Sebewaing factory and made one of the most successful beat factories in the era. Michigan Chemical appeared from the shade and picked up the trunk.
Owosso had two families living there, not accomplishable accomplishments in American politics. Both will play a variety of roles in the establishment of Owosso's beet sugar factory. Bentley families led by Mr. Alvin Bentley were the most serious injuries among five victims of armed groups against Congress during the term as a member of the House of Representatives in 1954. Four Puerto Rican terrorists expelled 30 visits from the US House of Representatives gallery to the floor of the room and representatives were discussing immigration bills.
Dewe was engaged in Republican politics since the party leader in the suburbs of Michigan Jackson in 1854 was formed. In Owosso, according to tradition, the position where the representatives of the party at that time had postmaster. Edmund O. Dewey, Edmund O. Dewey is a future New York Governor and is twice the candidate for the US presidential candidate and from William McKinley's President Woodrow · Preserved Wilson 's position up to President. George, father of Thomas Edmund Dewey, was appointed in 1921.
In 1902, Edmund Dewey revived the plan of Wellington Bart at the Owosso Beat Sugar factory. He arranged for the purchase of an appropriate 40 acre land at the western end of Oliver Street, raised $ 10,000 and urged the commissioner's county committee to deliver enough bond issuance to meet the cost of the land . The county refused bonds and made this idea fail for the same reason as the second time - the lack of enthusiasm.
Joseph Kohn took this and introduced the sugar industry in Michigan, one of the wealthiest families of the Pitcairn family in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Pitt Cairn family managed Pittsburgh Plate Grass Company (now called PPG Industry) headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The glass company relied on Europe for a large glass plate suitable for shop front, display case, mirror, etc. In the early 20th century, the company produced 20 million square feet of glass each year.
Pittsburgh · Plate · Glass was looking for a source of cullet for the glass factory, but I asked Corn to extract from beet molasses and convert Molasses to Alcohol so I could get a certain profit It was. He also served as a consultant to the German, American Sugar Company (later named Monitor Sugar Company), before that he took the same position as Kilby Manufacturing, which was frequent in the turnkey beat and sugar plant construction project. The urban distillery of Kohn & # 39; s Bay had a lot of molasses flowing out from the three sugar factories, promised from the factory of the German, American and Sugar Company under construction, so real profit was pittsburgh · It was diverted to a plate / glass.
John Pitcairn first saw the American coast as a 5-year-old immigrant brought to the United States with his parents John and Agnes with two sisters and one brother. Pitt Cair has partnered with railways, coal mines, oil, and John Ford to accumulate personal property in the establishment of the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company. Corn was paying attention to the possibilities of Owosso, he was 60 years old, because firstly Wellington Bart, then Edmund Dewey did not establish a sugar beet sugar company.
Three are the charm of Owosso. On October 29, 1902, Owosso Sugar Company was born and capitalized at $ 1 million. More than 75% of the stock was owned by members of Pitcairn's family and friends. John Pitcairn fully owned 62,500 shares of outstanding shares. A small number of Owosso residents added names to the list of shareholders including Alvin Bentley, Edmund and George Dewey 's brothers. George Dewey's son, Tom, a future presidential candidate, will spend a school holiday one day working in the packing room of a new sugar company.
The presidential election of the company was handed over to Charles W. Brown, the owner of 5,600 shares newly issued. Brown also served as President of Pittsburgh Plate Glass. Everyday financial obligations went to Edward Pitcairn (36), one of many nephews of John Pitcairn. Edward, by 1910, became the Treasury Secretary of Pittsburgh Plate Glass, and he keeps his career balance. Mr. Carmen Smith, a lawyer who had long been involved with Karum Brown from the time that the pair was staying in Minneapolis, asserted responsibility for the management of the new company in general. In addition, he took the title of the secretary general. He recently transferred his wife Isabella and three children, Margaret, Carmen, Cedric to Bay City, where he served as the treasurer of the Michigan Chemical Company. Joseph Kohn accepted the role of General Factory Director.
Corn educated at the Prague Institute of Technology was awarded a degree in mechanical engineering and chemical engineering in 1883. After graduating from school, he was hired by Breitfeld-Danek in Prague and gained experience at the sugar factory in Moravia, which was later the Czech Republic, but since then it was part of the Austrian-Hungarian empire, but the evaporator In designer, Hugo Jelenik Moravia, he worked with Carl Steffen, inventor of the molasses desulphurization process carrying his name. Kilby was hired by Kilby Manufacturing Company, but developed a standard factory for Kilby.
Kilby Manufacturing won a contract to build two 1,000 ton factories in Michigan. One is Owosso and the other is Menominee. The two were recorded as the largest beer factory in Michigan until 1,200 ton factories were built in Mount Pleasant in 1920. In addition to the two 1,000 ton factories, Kilby has a standard 600 ton factory East Tawas. For Kilby who had ordered one factory of three factories in Colorado State (Fort Collins, Longmont, Windsor, Fort Collins), the largest factory with 1,200 tons capacity per day was built. Ginkgo's factory price is $ 675,000, and the price per ton of sugar confectionery is $ 675, which was $ 1,197 for East Tawas and $ 785 for Menominee. In fact, the Owosso factory has a lower cost per ton of slice than the factory built in Michigan.
The Owosso factory survived on 9th December 1903 without being assigned to a new beet sugar factory, usually including march bands, parades, conversation opportunities for local tyrants and politicians. In a quiet manner, Charles W. Brown arrived from Pittsburgh and bought him, as an honorable guest, James Wilson, Agriculture Secretary. He became prominent nationally when President William McKinley was appointed to the Agriculture Secretary in 1897. His figure ended in 1912, as President Roosevelt and President Taft held him as secretary. He served as Minister of Agriculture from March 4, 1897 until March 3, 1913.
After a brief commemorative ceremony, Secretary Wilson pulled the whistle code to call out the beat from the waterway. Unlike many of the factories built in Michigan, there was no central local person who had put money and reputation in the line for the factory. In Pennsylvania there was a large ownership, executive and guidance management lived in the Bay City in the case of Joseph Kohn and Carmen Smith, in the neighborhood of Pittsburgh in the case of Brown and Pitt Khan. It was not unusual for owners of absentees to overlook obvious information from farmers. When the farmer's lack of interest was known per se, it did not cause palpitation in the conference room of Pittsburgh plate glass. After all, John Pitt Cair 20 years ago, struggling in the plate glass market away from Europe, the biggest and most modern factory in the world that kind.
Farmer's indifference was a mild inconvenience, but it was not a heavy blow to those who changed flat glasses into a unique American industry. His answer is at hand and his appointed messenger, Carmen Smith, is surprisingly the Orosionians who gathered at the weekend by the summer of 1903, when the factory walls reach the sky We explored sex industry Goliath is growing in the middle. Obviously, I thought the people of the Pittsburgh plate glass was big. They thought that it was larger than the factory factory organizer until that time than the factory's sidewalk administrator had imagined. They not only build beat factories that are twice the size of almost all of the sugar factories in the US, they are on the verge of establishing the largest sugar cane farm in the United States, and they are east of the Mississippi River.
The south and west of Saginaw, Michigan, is a vast swamp formed in the last glacier period. The marshes were adjacent to the convergence of several large river systems. This system became the Saginaw, now 22 miles north of Lake Huron. 80,000 acres of wetlands have become important points of movement of waterfowl, duck, goose, swan. It was the largest natural wildlife habitat in the Midwest of the USA. It was protected by characteristics that were not attractive to farmers - frequent floods. But Harlan B. Smith, a Saginaw buggy manufacturer speculating real estate, signed a partnership with Charles H. Camp and George B. Brooks' lawyers and acquired and developed a bog of about 10,000 acres . Their efforts have been resolved in large drains that have extended the prairie about 2 miles for 15 years and have transformed hundreds of acres of swamps into agricultural land.
As Carmen Smith was looking for a large place to set up a demo sugarcane farm, he secured all the beats that the Owosso factory needed and at the same time he immediately targeted the Prairie Farm. Smith completed the purchase on 22nd February 1903, soon a dredger with a steamboat, a monster designed to drill to the fortunate ground immediately fell down the Saginaw river to the prairie. Formed a 20-foot high embankment, making a canal that carries it until 1 acre, a giant who insisted on land that was waiting 500,000 years for mechanical arrival.
Occasionally the Owosso Sugar Company has built a 36 kilometer bank. Some of them were 80 feet wide at the bottom, 40 feet at the top and 20 feet in height. Others were small dimensions, but they were all designed for the same purpose. The road covered the top of the embankment and both sides became lawn for use as a sheep pasture on both sides. Half of the land was drained through the open groove and half was drained with the help of a large pump that sent their burden to the nearby Flint River. After drying, landfilled land was arranged like a huge checkerboard with 12 rows of 16 acres parcel. Almost overnight, due to capital expenditure of $ 400,000, Mr. Smith changed it from the proposition to lose Prairie Farm, whether in Michigan's largest beet sugar estate, and perhaps not 10,000 acres in the US. There is no need to worry about proper supply of feed at the new factory.
Owosso Sugar Company's first campaign
The first operational campaign by Owosso Sugar Company guaranteed a slice rate of 1,000 tons of sliced beat every 24 hours, as was customarily done at Kilby's turnkey factory. Construction contracts usually require that a new factory meet a guaranteed fee between 1 and 10 days during a specific period set by negotiation, usually occurred under the supervision of a Kilby engineer a few days after startup I requested. When a new engineer signs the completed certificate and hands the factory to the company's management team, the same engineer withdraws. The Owosso slice rate is likely to be the least experienced operator for the same reason that the slice rate of most new beer factories has dropped after the factory has reached guaranteed rate.
Since Prairie Farm was still in the early stages, beat production was less than later years, and in the industry the processing period called "campaign" ended on January 26, 1904 for only 48 days. The virgin operates a new factory that sliced the average of 542 tons, which is not enough for the planned 1,000 tons per day. The second campaign was shortened by five days, but the slice rate almost doubled, reaching 930 tons per day for 43 days.
During the construction of the Owosso factory, Benjamin Boutell, a major investor in several Beer sugar factories in Michigan, and the Lansing Beat Factory, established two years ago, lacked management supervision. Boutell's wife, Amelia, was diagnosed with cancer early in 1902 and died on November 27 at the age of 52, after making the best effort to discover the treatment. He did not care for his business interests and he sold the Lansing factory to Owosso Sugar Company.
Kohn and Smith currently undertook four major projects: two sugar factories, Prairie Farm, Michigan Chemical Company of Bay City, were under control, but only one year ago a chemical company had time and thinking It occupied. Prairie Farm used 160 workers and 58 horse horses and each of the two beat factories hired 100 people in addition to chemical workers and Bay City headquarters. Two 45-year-old managers visited the corporate office of real estate, Pittsburgh, in addition to the meeting with the Congress and the Ministry of Agriculture, attended industry practices and was constantly moving. In 1910, Joseph Kohn first thought about the cost of such a pace. He suffered from a heart attack and died at the age of 52.
In the prehistoric era of Kohn, the gravity drainage system and pump system were immersed in the 8,500 tsubo Prairie Farm acre, initially growing 1 square kilometer of sugar. Peppermint offered additional income (35,000 pounds of peppermint oil in 1909) and the cage was important behind the sugar baby.
For six years after Kohn's death, Carmen Smith served the same as before, in addition to his own responsibilities until 1916 when he placed two sugar factories under Charles D. Bell. Before joining Owosso 's staff in 1907 he served as Alma' s plant manager. Bell stayed in Owosso for 16 years and after he left after the Michigan Sugar Company innocent of the Owosso and Lansing factory in 1924, he returned to the family ranch in Los Alamos, California. He quickly discovered the oil And retired with riches.
In 1920, at the age of 62, Carmen Smith like his friend and colleague Joseph Kohn suddenly struck a heart attack suddenly came home on a Chicago train. Carmen Smith had a pioneering era. Joseph Korn of 1910, Joseph Kilby of 1914, John Pitcairn of 1916, Carmen Smith of 1920, the world's largest contemporary beet sugar factory was built, the country's single largest The beat farm was from the scene. Sadly, what they trained will not last.
According to the history of Daniel Gutleben of Michigan 's beet sugar industry (The Sugar Tramp - 1954), the Pittsburgh plate glass probably has to compete with a major refinery designed for the Michigan beer factory to process as it is Sugar imported in quantities concerned that it is too small could not compete with the amount of tax exempted sugar entering the country. According to the report, it was the price plus $ 2,000,000 plus preferred stock that chose to sell both Owosso and Lansing factories to Michigan Sugar Company. Prairie Farm remained in the hands of John Pitcairn 's heir.
The Michigan Sugar Company operated Owosso for the next four years until the flooding of imported sugar and the decline in farmer's interest reduced the factory in 1928. Mr. Prairie Farm, former owner of Michigan Sugar, to order the farmers to cultivate beets when other crops, corn, soybeans cut investment, reduced work and raised the good price could not. It was resumed again in 1933 for a year and then shut down, but ready for hope. Hope finally surrendered to the reality that farmers finally will not return. Factories and buildings were sold in 1948. Proof that the tentative failure of Owosso Sugar Company did not take over management to appoint Owosso's secretary Edward Bostock to the board chairman Michigan Sugar Company
Source:
DENSLOW, William R, and TRUMAN, Harry S., 10,000 famous Freemasons from A to J Part 1 (see Charles W. Brown's career in the Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company)
MILLER, Ed, and BEACH, Jean R .., Saginaw Hall of Fame, Saginaw Hall of Fame published in 2000. (See Wellington R. Burt)
GUTTLEBEN, Daniel, The Sugar Tramp - Printed at the Bay City Duplicating Company in San Francisco, California, 1954
LE CUREUX, KEITH, History of Albee Township, Saginaw, County, Michigan, Chapter 5, Prairie Farm.
BETZOLD, Michael, Detroit Free Press Magazine, December 26, 1993, Utopia Revisited - An article that describes the history of Prairie Farm.
Copyright, 2009, Thomas Mahar - All Rights Reserved
About the author: Thomas Mahar served as Executive Vice President of Monitor Sugar Company from 1984 to 1999 and served as president of sugar packaging company Gala Food Processing from 1993 to 1998. He retired in 1999 and now he is writing free time about the history of the sugar industry. In 2001 he was in charge of Sweet Energy, Monitor Sugar Company story, Michigan & # 39; s Beet Sugar History (Newsbeet, Fall, 2006). Contact: Thomas Mahar E-mail
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